上肢解剖课件详解.pptVIP

The upper limb 山东大学医学院 解剖教研室 李振华 The muscles of back Superficial group Trapezius 斜方肌 Latissimus dorsi 背阔肌 Levator scapulae 肩胛提肌 Rhomboideus菱形肌 Deep group Erector spinae 竖脊肌 Splenius 夹肌 Thoracolumbar fascia 胸腰筋膜 The muscles of thorax Extrinsic muscles Pectoralis major 胸大肌 Pectoralis minor 胸小肌 Serratus anterior 前锯肌 Intrinsic muscles Intercostales externi 肋间外肌 Intercostales interni 肋间内肌 Intercostales intimi 肋间最内肌 Major muscles of the trunk Trapezius Origin: superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of seventh cervical and all thoracic vertebrae Insertion: lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapulartery Acton: upper fibers elevate scapula, lower fibers depress scapula; if scapula is fixed, one side acting along, draws head toward the same side, and turn face to opposite side; both sides together, draw head directly backward Latissimus dorsi Origin: spinous processes of lower six thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, median sacral crest, and posterior part of iliac crest. Insertion: floor of intertubercular groove of humerus. Action: trunk fixed, extends, adducts and medially rotates arm ; arm fixed, elevates trunk. Erector spinae Position: fills the vertebral groove on each side of the spine Action: extends vertebral column (draw head backwar) Pectoralis major Origin: medial half of clavicle,sternum,1th-6th costal cartilages. Insertion: crest of greater tubercle of humerus. Action: flexes, adducts and rotates arm medially; arm fixed, elevates trunk; elevates ribs 1-6,aidding in forced inspiration. The Muscles of Upper Limb Muscles of shoulder Deltoid supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Teres major subscapularis Muscles of arm Antererior group Biceps brachii 肱二头肌 Coracobrachialis喙肱肌 Brachialis 肱肌 Posterior group – triceps brachii肱三头肌 Muscles of forearm Superficial layer Brachioradialis 肱桡肌 Pronator teres 旋前圆肌 Flexor carpi radialis