一种无线信道密钥容量求解方法.pdfVIP

第 48 卷第 6 期 2014 年 6 月 西安交通大学学报 JOURNAL OF XI AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY DOI: 10. 7652/xjtuxb201406006 一种无线信道密钥容量求解方法 蔡文炳l.2 ，付红双2 ，张水莲2 ，孙有铭2 ，于大鹏2 Vo1. 48 No.6 Jun. 2014 (1.北京跟踪与通信技术研究所， 100094. 北京; 2. 信息工程大学信息系统工程学院. 450002. 郑州) 摘要 z 为了准确求解合法通信双方利用无线信道生成共享密钥的容量，借助于瑞利衰落统计模型 和互易性对无线信道进行建模，得到合法双方接收信号的统计分布;通过对统计分布进行雅克比交 换分别推导出双方包络的联合分布和相位的联合分布，进而通过互信息公式求解出相应的两个密 钥容量表达式。利用窄带信道的互易性，提出了一种发送信号为非相千载泼的密钥生成协议，合法 双方在相千时间内以时分双工(TDD)方式对无线信道进行多载泼探测，双方分别利用接收信号包 络、相位信息生成密钥，将两密钥去除相关性后拼接起来作为最终的密钥以用于安全通信。该协议 能够同时利用接收信号的包络和相位信息，且密钥容量与非相千载泼的个数成正比。仿真结果表 明:分别基于信号包络、相位信息生成的密钥存在相关性;仅由包络和相位信息生成密钥并未充分 利用信道特性信息，当信噪比为 10 dB 时，利用接收信号包络、相位的密钥容量的数值求和比利用 接收信号的密钥容量低 0.3 b/s 。 关键词:无线信道;密钥生成;密钥容量;相千载泼 中固分类号: TN91 1. 2 文献标志码 :A 文章编号: 0253-987X(2014)06-0031-06 A Solution of the Secret Key Capacity for Wireless Channel CAI Wenbing1. 2 , FU Hongshuang 2 , ZHANG Shuilian 2 , SUN Youming 2 , YU Dapeng 2 (1. Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology. Beijing 100094. China; 2. Institute of Information System Engineering. Information Engineering University. Zhengzhou 450002. China) Abstract: A model for wireless channel is established to evaluate accurately the capacity of the shared secret key generated by legitimate users in the channel. The building of the model is based on statistical models of Rayleigh fading and reciprocity from the statistical distribution of the received signals. The joint probability density functions of both the envelope and the phase at the legitimate users are respectively derived by using a Jacobi transform. The corresponding expressions of the two secret key capacities are then deduced by using the formula of mutual information. Then a protocol of secret key generation in which the transmitted signals are multi- ca口iers is presented by utilizing the reciprocity of the narrowband channel. The legitimate users implement the multi-carrier channel sounding in TDD mode within the coherence time , and exploit the information of envelope and phase in