原创力文档Characterization of PM2.5 in the ambientair of Shanghaicity by analyzingindividualparticles.pdf
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Characterization of PM2.5 in the ambientair of Shanghaicity by analyzingindividualparticles
ent 368 (2006) 916–925
/locate/scitotenvScience of the Total EnvironmCharacterization of PM2.5 in the ambient air of Shanghai city by
analyzing individual particles
Weisheng Yue a, Xiaolin Li a, Jiangfeng Liu a, Yan Li a,?, Xiaohan Yu a, Biao Deng a,
Tianmin Wan a, Guilin Zhang a, Yuying Huang b, Wei He b, Wei Hua b, Longyi Shao c,
Weijun Li c, Shushen Yang c
a Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
b Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
c Department of Resources and Earth Sciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
Received 14 October 2005; received in revised form 13 March 2006; accepted 29 March 2006
Available online 19 June 2006Abstract
PM2.5 samples were collected simultaneously at three representative areas (central city, industrial area and clean air suburban) of
Shanghai city. Their morphologies and elemental compositions were determined by scanning electron microscopy coupled with
energy analysis (SEM-EDX). The particles were classified into four groups based on morphology and elemental composition. Soot
aggregates and spherical fly ash particles were the two dominant types and they were identified as originating from automobile
exhaust, metallurgical industry and coal combustion. The size distribution of the particles showed that most had diameters in the
range of 0.2–1.4 μm. Individual particles were measured by synchrotron radiation micro-beam X-ray fluorescence (micro-SXRF)
and the micro-SXRF spectra were obtained. Pattern recognition techniques, which took the micro-SXRF spectrum of a single
aerosol particle as its fingerprint, were used to identify the origins of the particles. Seven source types were identified. They were:
metallurgical industry, vehicle exhaust, soil dust, coal combustion, diesel exhaust, oil combustion and motorcycle exhaust.
Metallurgical industry, automobile exhaust,
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