Deformation Behavior of Ultrafine Grained Iron.pdf

Deformation Behavior of Ultrafine Grained Iron S. Takaki1, a, K. Kawasaki2, b, Y. Futamura1, c and T. Tsuchiyama1, d 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu University 6-10-1, Hakozaki Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan 2Graduate Student of Engineering, Kyushu University (Now at Takasago Research and Development Center, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd.) 2-1-1, Shinhama Arai-cho Takasago-shi, Hyogo 676-8686, Japan atakaki@zaiko.kyushu-u.ac.jp, bkenji_kawasaki@mhi.co.jp, cyui@takaki.zaiko.kyushu-u.ac.jp, dtoshi@zaiko.kyushu-u.ac.jp Keywords: Ultrafine grained iron, Deformation behavior, Microstructure development, Dislocation strengthening, Grain refinement strengthening. Abstract. Work hardening behavior and microstructure development during deformation by cold rolling were investigated in iron with different grain size. Grain refinement makes the introduction of dislocation easier. For instance, under the same deformation condition (5% reduction in thickness), dislocation density is the order of 10 14 m -2 in a coarse grained material (mean grain size; 20μm), while it reaches 7×10 15 m -2 in an ultrafine grained material (0.25μm). It is well known that the yield stress of metals is enlarged with an increase in dislocation density on the basis of the Bailey-Hirsch relationship. However, it should be noted that the ultrafine grained material never undergoes usual work hardening although the dislocation density is surely enhanced to around the order of 10 16 m -2 : 0.2% proof stress is almost constant at 1.4 ~ 1.5GPa regardless of the amount of deformation. The dislocation density of 10 16 m -2 is thought to be the limit value which can be achieved by cold working of iron and the yield stress of iron with this dislocation density (ρ) is estimated at 1.1GPa from the Bailey-Hirsch relationship; σd [Pa] = 0.1×10 9 + 10 ρ 1/2 . On the other hand, yield stress of iron is enhanced by grain refinement on the basis of the Hall-Pe