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Missile Defense- Winning Mind Not Heads Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.pdf

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Missile Defense- Winning Mind Not Heads Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

M ISSILE DEFENSE IS A COM- plex and often misunder- stood subject that tends to evoke strong emotional re- sponses, and many continue to feel that missile defense poses a serious risk to international security. Never- theless, there has been a surprising international movement toward sup- porting and cooperating with the Bush administration’s global missile defense (GMD) project. Earlier versions of missile defense maintained the distinction between national missile defense (NMD) and JO H N S LA TE R /C O R B IS 48 Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists September/October 2004 The U.S. plan to build a global missile defense has been gaining international support, but not because other governments believe it will make their countries safer. MISSILE DEFENSE: WINNING MIND NOT HEA by Nicole C. Evans theater defenses. NMD is an anti- ballistic missile defense system that provides protection for a country as a whole against ballistic missile at- tack. Theater defenses provide pro- tection in a theater of operation, countering missiles with a range of less than 3,500 kilometers. The dis- tinction is important because na- tional defenses may undermine strategic stability by threatening the ability of other countries to retali- ate, which is the core of their deter- rence. Theater defenses do not pose this danger. George W. Bush’s administration has changed all this, though, severely complicating an already intricate sit- uation. Since 2002, Bush’s version of global missile defense has effectively collapsed national and theater de- fenses together by envisaging the pro- tection of the American “homeland” with NMD and the protection of American troops, bases, and allies abroad with theater missile defenses (TMD). Long-term American missile defense plans envision a layered sys- tem using land, sea, and air plat- forms to neutralize incoming mis- siles. The result has been to create a definitional and policy haze. Countries that once supported only theater defenses now find