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Observation of EGRET Gamma-Ray Sources by an Extensive Air Shower Experiment.pdf

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Observation of EGRET Gamma-Ray Sources by an Extensive Air Shower Experiment

a r X i v : a s t r o - p h / 0 4 1 1 3 6 6 v 1 1 3 N o v 2 0 0 4 Astronomy Astrophysics manuscript no. (will be inserted by hand later) Observation of EGRET Gamma-Ray Sources by an Extensive Air Shower Experiment M. Khakian Ghomi,?, M. Bahmanabadi,??, and J. Samimi,??? Department of Physics, Sharif university of Technology, P.O. Box 11365–9161, Tehran, Iran Received *** ; accepted *** Abstract. Ultra-high-energy (E100 Tev) Extensive Air Showers (EASs) have been monitored for a period of five years (1997 - 2003), using a small array of scintillator detectors in Tehran, Iran. The data have been analyzed to take in to account of the dependence of source counts with respect to the zenith angle. During a calendar year different sources come in the field of view of the detector at varying zenith angles. Because of varying thickness of the overlaying atmosphere, the shower count rate is extremely dependent on zenith angle which have been carefully analyzed over time. (Bahmanabadi et al. 2002).High energy gamma-ray sources from EGRET third catalogue where observed and the data were analyzed using an excess method. A number of upper limits for a number of EGRET sources were obtained, including 6 AGNs or probably AGNs and 4 unidentified sources. Key words. EGRET sources, Extensive Air Showers (EASs), Gamma-Ray sources 1. Introduction EGRET instrument on-board Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) has de- tected both diffuse and discrete gamma-ray emission. The diffuse emission is both galactic (Hunter et al. 1997) and extra-galactic in nature (Sreekumar et al. 1998). EGRET has detected about 271 high energy (100 MeV) gamma-ray sources (Hartman et al. 1999). Besides AGNs these sources include 170 sources that are not identified conclusively with unique counterparts in other wavelengths. Two third of these EGRET unidentified (EUI) sources lie close to the galactic plane-potential Send offprint requests to: M. Khakian Ghomi ? e-mail: khakian@ ?? e-mail: bahmanabadi@ ??? e-