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On infinitesimal symmetries of the self-dual Yang-Mills equations.pdf

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On infinitesimal symmetries of the self-dual Yang-Mills equations

a r X i v : p h y s i c s / 9 8 0 3 0 2 8 v 2 1 O c t 1 9 9 8 Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics 1998, V.5, N 4, 396–404. Article On Infinitesimal Symmetries of the Self-Dual Yang-Mills Equations T.A. IVANOVA Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, JINR, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia E-mail: ita@thsun1.jinr.dubna.su Received March 18, 1998; Accepted June 4, 1998 Abstract Infinite-dimensional algebra of all infinitesimal transformations of solutions of the self-dual Yang-Mills equations is described. It contains as subalgebras the infinite- dimensional algebras of hidden symmetries related to gauge and conformal transfor- mations. 1 Introduction Yang-Mills theory is a non-Abelian generalization of the Maxwell theory of electromag- netism. The dynamics of the non-Abelian gauge fields is described by the Yang-Mills (YM) equations, and the study of the space of solutions to the YM equations is of particular in- terest. In 1975 the equations giving a very important subclass of solutions to the YM equa- tions were introduced [3]. These equations were called the self-dual Yang-Mills (SDYM) equations; their solutions provide absolute minima for the Yang-Mills functional in Eu- clidean 4-space. There exists a large literature on the geometric meaning of the SDYM equations (see e.g. [1, 12, 18, 11]). Our aim is to investigate infinitesimal symmetries of the SDYM equations. Under a symmetry we understand a transformation which maps solutions of the SDYM equations into solutions of these equations. In other words, symmetry transformations preserve the solution space. It is known that all local symmetries of the SDYM equations, which are also called manifest symmetries, are given by gauge transformations and conformal transformations. Since 1979, in a number of papers [14], it was shown that the SDYM equations have nonlocal, so-called ‘hidden’ symmetries which are related to global gauge transformations. More general gauge-type symmetries were described i