中山大学数学建模座.PPTVIP

优化模型-数学建模;Experimental Mathematics Computer Formula for Pi;Optimization- mathematical programming choosing the best element from some set of available alternatives ;一般最优化问题;Computational optimization techniques ;;Final Submission Countdown Netflix公司-成立于1997年的美国最大的在线DVD租赁商 Contributed by Lester Mackey Only sixteen minutes remained in the $1 million Netflix Prize competition when I handed over the final set of predictions to the Ensemble team captain. The members of our newly minted team had been working furiously through the night, hoping to improve upon our previous day’s score of .8554. It was hard to believe that just twenty-four hours ago we had passed the four-team coalition that had occupied the first place spot for the last 29 days. There was little time to celebrate; the previous leaders would not go down without a fight, so we had to be ready with something better. A call had been issued for any remaining valid predictors, anything that could tip the scale in this final day, and our members around the globe had answered the call: nearly 200 new predictor sets, some previously passed over for their poor performance and others newly conceived only moments prior, had flooded in from all corners of the team. It was now up to our blenders to work some last-minute magic.;数学建模十大算法;Crystal Ball ——蒙地卡罗仿真软件 ;模拟退火算法;GA的计算过程 编码：GA在进行搜索之前先将解空间的解数据表示成遗传空间的基因型串结构数据，这些串结构数据的不同组合便构成了不同的点。 初始群体的生成：随机产生N个初始串结构数据，每个串结构数据称为一个个体， N个个体构成一个群体。GA以这N个串结构数据作为初始点开始迭代。 适应性值评估检测：适应性函数表明个体或解的优劣性。不同的问题，适应性函数的定义方式也不同。 选择：选择的目的是为了从当前群体中选出优良的个体，使它们有机会作为父代为下一代繁殖子孙。遗传算法通过选择过程体现这一思想，进行选择的原则是适应性强的个体为下一代贡献一个或多个后代的概率大。选择实现了达尔文的适者生存原则。 交换：交换操作是遗传算法中最主要的遗传操作。通过交换操作可以得到新一代个体，新个体组合了其父辈个体的特性。交换体现了信息交换的思想。 变异：变异首先在群体中随机选择一个个体，对于选中的个体以一定的概率随机地改变串结构数据中某个串的值。同生物界一样，GA中变异发生的概率很低，通常取值在0.001~0.01之间。变异为新个体的产生提供了机会。;优化算法及其分类;;;（1）Steiner最小树　选址，运输通讯;Steiner tree;1991mcmb-通讯网络的极小生成树;（2）距离优化－线性规划问题;2007HiMCM Smoke Alarms;;;2007HiMCM不同数量烟雾报警器;1999年，在Floyd飓风预报登陆之前，撤离南卡罗来纳州沿海地区的行动导致一场永垂青史的交通拥塞。车水马龙停滞在州际公路I-26上，那是