unit3scienceandnature-grammarandusage导学案（牛津译林版模块5）.doc

Unit 3 science and nature导学案 Grammar and usage非谓语动词——过去分词 过去分词在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。 （一）作定语作定语用的过去分词如果是单词，一般放在被修饰的词的前面； 过去分词短语作定语，则放在被修饰的词的后面。 smoked ham 熏火腿 ????????boiled water 开水 ?????steamed roll 花卷 spoken English 英语口语 ????oppressed people 被压迫的人民 There are many fallen leaves on the ground. 地上有很多落叶。 This is a book written by a peasant.? 这是一本农民写的书。 （二）作表语过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态。I was pleased at the news. 听了这消息我很高兴。 The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。 He looked very excited. 他显得很激动。 过去分词作表语用，相当于形容词，最常见的有：delighted, disappointed, discouraged, drunk, amused, astonished, interested, crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, puzzled, upset 等。 （三）作宾语补足语过去分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, keep, find, get, have, feel等动词后与名词（代词）构成复合宾语。 结构：动词+宾语（名词或代词）+宾补（过去分词） I often hear the song sung in English. She found the door closed. I must get my bike repaired. Can you make yourself understood? （四）作状语过去分词短语常用作状语，修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况。 前提条件：过去分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。 这类状语大多数放在句子前部（主语前面），也有少数可以放在句子后部（谓语后面），或者插在中间（主语后面） Inspired by him, we worked even harder. The professor came in, followed by a group of young men. Mr. Green, deeply moved, thanked us again and again. 过去分词也可以单独作状语。 Heated, water changes into steam. She turned away, disappointed. 过去分词短语作状语可以表示： 1、相当于一个原因状语从句 Inspired by her example, the League members worked even harder. =_____________________________________________________________ The children soon fell asleep, exhausted by the journey. =______________________________________________________________2、相当于一个时间状语从句[来源:21世纪教育网] Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. =______________________________________________________________ Once published, this dictionary will be very popular! =______________________________________________________________3、假设的情况，相当于一个条件状语从句 United, we stand; divided, we fall. =______________________________________________________________ Given more time, we could do it much better. =_________________________