Module4SectionⅠIntroductionReadingPreshyreading课件（外研版必修4）.ppt

Module 4;1．How many scientists can you name? Do you know their inventions or discoveries? 2．What makes a person a scientist?; What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter (木匠). You will probably agree too, that knowing how to investigate (调查), how to gather information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further: he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his question and that his answer can be made certain by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.; The scientists knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist sees and notices in an act of proving must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason why investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics or maths. The;accuracy (正确性) of his mathematics was later tested through investigations. Einsteins ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations (计算) that may test his investigations.;Introduction ;4．Albert Einstein d．Give me a lever long enough and a place to stand, and I will move the world. 5．Qian Xuesen e．Science is beyond nationalities,