Module5EthnicCulture-GrammarWriting课件（外研选修7）.ppt

;一、动词的过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。表示时间、原因、条件、让步的过去分词相当于相对应的状语从句，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语一致，过去分词与逻辑主语一般是被动关系。 1．作时间状语 When heated, water can be changed into steam. 水加热后可以变成蒸汽。;[点津]　作时间状语时，过去分词如果同时表被动和动作完成，常可换用现在分词的被动完成式；过去分词如果只表被动，不表完成，则不可与现在分词的被动完成式换用。 Discussed (Having been discussed) many times, the problems were settled at last. 在讨论了多次之后，问题终于解决了。 (过去分词既表被动又表完成) Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 从山上看这个公园非常漂亮。 (过去分词只表被动) ;[考题印证1];2．作原因状语 过去分词作原因状语，相当于as, since, because引导的从句，这类状语多放在句子前半部分。 Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. ＝ Since/As she was given advice by the famous detective ... 有了著名侦探的指点，那个年轻女士不再害怕了。;Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didnt dare to sleep in her room. ＝Because she was frightened by the noise ... 姑娘被夜里的响声吓坏了，不敢在自己的屋里睡觉了。 Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. 他匆忙完成的作业错误百出。;[考题印证2];3．作条件状语 过去分词作条件状语，相当于if, unless引导的从句。 Given more attention (If they had been given more attention), the cabbages could have grown better. 如果再精心一些，这些大白菜还可以长得更好。 Compared with you, we still have a long way to go. 和你相比，我们还有很大的差距。 ;(2012·湖南高考)Time, ________correctly, is money in the bank. A．to use B．used C．using D．use 解析：选 。考查非谓语动词。句意：被用得合理，时间就是银行里存的钱。由句意可知，use与句子的主语time构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以选过去分词形式。;4．作让步状语 过去分词作让步状语，相当于though, although引导的从句。 Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged. =Though they were beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged. 尽管被对手打败了，队员们并没有泄气。;5．作方式或伴随状语 The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. 猎人离开了屋子，后面跟着他的狗。 She sat by the window, lost in thought. 她坐在窗前，陷于沉思。 6．注意事项 (1)过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作。 Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好！;[点津]　written 为过去分词作状语，表示这篇文章是被写的，而且已经被写。 值得注意的是，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有： lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); lost/absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦)。 Lost/Absorbed in d