成型金属学ch01-1位错理论教材.ppt

1.位错理论基础;;;点缺陷 point defects;Schematic illustration of types of defects in a single-crystal lattice: self-interstitial, vacancy, interstitial, and substitutional.;Point Defects 点缺陷;? Equilibrium concentration varies with temperature! How?;Self Diffusion Via Vacancy Mechanism;点缺陷对晶体性能的影响; 面缺陷 plane defect;小角度晶界特点;小角度晶界 类型;Low Angle Grain Boundary －小角晶界;Schematic;晶界特点;Variation in Grain Boundary Energy With Misorientation for Copper. 晶界能～角度;相界面;晶界处新晶粒;晶界与亚晶界;新晶粒与位错;Laminar structure 片层状组织;High resolution TEM  高分辨电子显微镜;ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;线缺陷 line defect;1.2 位错概念的引入;理想晶体的临界切应力;? Effect of dislocations in the lattice structure under stress In the series of diagrams, the movement of the dislocation allows deformation to occur under a lower stress than in a perfect lattice;1.3 位错的原子模型及柏氏矢量;Edge Dislocation 刃型位错;Edge Dislocation 刃型位错;Screw Dislocation 螺型位错 ;Screw Dislocation 螺型位错 ;Mixed Dislocation 混合位错 ;Mixed Dislocation 混合位错 ;;BURGER’S VECTOR 柏氏矢量; 特性;位错密度;位错的观察;Etching to Reveal Dislocation Motion;Dislocations in Nickel （TEM ） ;Dislocation Tangles 位错缠结