Small RNA of breast cancer progress.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 26 Small RNA of breast cancer progress [Keywords:] small RNA (microRNA, miRNA), breast cancer, tumor Breast cancer cells and drug resistance mechanisms of pathogenesis is still not fully understood, researchers in recent years on breast cancer tissue or cells in small RNA (micro RNA, miRNA conducted a study to clarify the incidence of breast cancer, development mechanism, and its treatment provide a new way of thinking. 1 miRNA Profile miRNA are a class of about 18 to 25 nucleotides (nucleotide, nt) (average 22 nt) non-coding small RNA molecules, with the mRNA 3 UTR (3’untranslated region, 3’UTR) the level of binding mediated regulation of translation. miRNA genes in RNA polymerase under the guidance of named pri miRNA transcribed into primary transcripts. and then pri miRNA by the Drosha enzyme into and cofactor DGCR8 (Disgorge syndrome critical region gene 8) / Pasha posed by the complex, in the nucleus was cut growth of about 60 ~ 70 nt, with a hairpin precursor miRNA (precursor microRNA, pre miRNA). in the nuclear membrane transporter protein (exportin 5 (Exp5) of the assistance, pre microRNA are transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, the role of Dicer enzyme was further cut into 21 ~ 25 nt mature miRNA. Mature miORNA integrated into gene silencing complex (RNA induced silencingcomplex, Rlsc) to form miRISC complex, the target mRNA, or by direct shear and non-translated region of target complementary mRNA binding, inhibition of target mRNA translation, affecting the quality of the synthesis of protein, which acts to regulate various biological. miRNA involved in the major field of biology are: stem cell differentiation (1), apoptosis (2), birth defects (3) and tumors (4). 2 miRNA research methods mRNA research methods include two major categories, namely, bioinformatics and biological experiments. In the early stages of miRNA research, bioinformatics plays a very important role, can provide useful clues to