Tumor necrosis factorα and -308 sites of the relationship between gene polymorphisms and liver disease.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 15 Tumor necrosis factorα and -308 sites of the relationship between gene polymorphisms and liver disease [Abstract] tumor necrosis factor (TNF)  α has a variety of biological activity involved in the occurrence of a variety of liver disease, as TNF  α gene polymorphism of the -308, making changes in cytokine production, and with disease progression process-related. Now on the TNF  α and -308 gene polymorphism associated with a number of liver disease are reviewed. [Keywords:] TNF  α -308 locus; gene polymorphism; liver disease Tumor necrosis factor (tumor necrosis factor, TNF) mainly by the monocyte-macrophage cells in the virus, such as stimulation of inflammatory mediators generated by a multi-peptide. It can be divided into two categories, namely, TNF  α , TNF  β [1]. The study found, TNF  α is a multifunctional cytokine with many diseases, in which it occurs with the liver disease, development, closely related to the outcome. In this paper, TNF  α and -308 gene polymorphism with some of the relationship between liver disease are reviewed. 1 TNF  α in general biological characteristics of Human TNF  α gene size of 2.76 kb, from the four exons and three introns composed of closely linked with the MHC, located in the short arm of chromosome 6 [1]. Wilson et al [2] was first reported by TNF  α promoter transcription start site upstream the first 308 points (-308) GA alternative exists, G is defined as the presence of common-type TNF1, A rare type of the definition of the presence of TNF2. At present more consensus that TNF2 may affect TNF  α promoter activity, which promote the in vivo production of TNF  α higher than TNF1. TNF  α by a 157 amino acid composition, molecular weight of 17 kD soluble peptides in the blood frequently to trimeric form. TNF  α and the target cell membrane receptors (TNFR) combined have a very wide range of biological effects, including killing cell activity,