锂离子电池的安全性技术_.pdfVIP

第 23 卷 第 2 /3 期 化 学 进 展 Vol. 23 No. 2 /3 2011 年 3 月 PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY Mar. ，2011 锂离子电池的安全性技术* 夏 兰 李素丽 艾新平  杨汉西 ? 武汉大学化学与分子科学学院 武汉 430072? 摘 要 锂离子电池兼具高比能和高比功率特性，是目前最为理想的动力与储能电源体系。然而，由于 存在安全隐患，大容量和高功率锂离子电池的商业化应用受到了很大程度的限制。因此，发展自激发安全保 护技术，提高锂离子电池的使用安全性，是近年来锂离子电池的研究热点之一。本文简要介绍了几种旨在提 高锂离子电池安全性的自激发安全保护技术的作用原理，包括可聚合单体添加剂、氧化还原穿梭剂、电压敏 感隔膜和温度敏感电极，分析了这些技术的应用特点和研究现状，并对相关领域的发展方向进行了展望。 关键词 锂离子电池 安全性 过充保护 电解液添加剂 温度敏感电极 中图分类号?O646. 21? TM911 文献标识码? A 文章编号? 1005-281X?2011?02 /3-0328-08 Safety Enhancing Methods for Li-Ion Batteries Xia Lan Li Suli Ai Xinping  Yang Hanxi ? College of Chemistry and Molecule Science，Wuhan University，Wuhan 430072，China? Abstract Li-ion battery ? LIB? has been considered as a preferred power source for electric vehicles and energy storage devices due to its high energy density and high rate capability. However，the safety concern severely hinders the developments and applications of large capacity or high power LIBs in these fields. To solve this problem，mang efforts have been focused on the development of internal and self-activating safety mechanisms for LIBs in recent years. This paper is intended to review the recent progresses in this field，including polymerizable electrolyte additives， redox shuttle， potential-sensitive separator， and temperature-sensitive electrode. The problems and further orientation in this research area are discussed after a brief introduction to their working mechanisms and research status. Key words lithium ion battery? safety? overcharge protection? electrolyte additive? temperature-sensitive electrode