日本复合污染侵权责任制度及其启示.pdfVIP

第 22 卷第 5 期 环境E生工程 Vo1.22 No.5 2014 年 10 月 Environmental Sanitation Engineering October 2014 .47 日本复合污染侵权责任制度及其启示 晋海，张辰 (河海大学法学院，江苏南京 21∞98) 摘 要:阐述了日本复合污染侵权责任制度经过长期的发展，确立了以民法共同侵权理论为基础，由数加害人承 担连带责任的复合污染侵权责任承担制度。在具体的案件中，根据不同的情形，灵活运用因采关系才在定原则，减轻受 害人的举证责任，全方位地保障了受害人的合法权益。指出我国应借鉴日本主合污染侵权责任制度的先进成果，逐步 确定因果关系推定原则，并通过制度设计进一步实现举证责任的合理分配，构建以连带责任为主导，按份责任以补充 的责任承担制度。 关键词:复合污染侵权;日本法;责任承担;举证责任;因果关系推定 中圄分类号: X-Ol; D912. 6 文献标识码:A 文章编号: 1∞5-8206 (2014) 05-∞47-04 Liability System and Its Inspiration of Combined PoUution Tort in Japan Jin Hai , Zhang Chen (School of Law, Hohai Univer百ity， Nanjing Jiangsu 21∞98) Abstract: Mter the long-term development, Japan has already established the liability undertaking system of combined pollution tort based on the joint tort theorγin civil law and the joint responsibility taken by many offenders. In the specific case, according to the different situations, the system flexibly uses the principle of causality presumptio n, alleviates the production burden of victims, and protects a full range of the legitimate rights for victims. Leaming from Japanese successful experience in liability system of combined pollution to rt, the principle of causality presumption should be set up gradually in China The reasonable distribution of production burden should be further achieved by means of system desi俱and the undertaking system of liability about joint responsibility as the dominant and shared liability as the supplement should be built Key words: combined pollution tort; Japanese law; undertaking of liability; production burden; causality presumption 复合污染侵权不同于一个加害人的排污行为 的行为具有相互关联的共同性，并且在此基础之 导致他人人身权益或财产权益损害的一般环境