土木工程专业外语Lesson8StructuralSteelBehavior.pptVIP

Background Knowledge 所涉及到的课程：钢结构、钢筋混凝土结构。 结构钢材的特性：钢结构、钢筋混凝土结构所使用的钢材要满足多项要求，如对钢材强度、塑性、韧性和加工性能等的要求。 本课文涉及到钢材在静力荷载下的力学性能、钢材在重复荷载下的疲劳破坏、钢材在冲击荷载下的脆性断裂。 The content of the text New Words and Expression of Paragraph 1 mechanical property 力学性能、机械性能 idealized tensile stress-strain diagram 理想化的拉伸应力－应变图 （σ－ε图） slope n. 斜坡, 斜率 Young’s modulus of elasticity (E) 杨氏（弹性）模量 yield stress 屈服应力 New Words and Expression of Paragraph 1 ductility n. 展延性, 柔软性 strain-hardening 应变硬化 ultimate tensile stress 最大抗拉应力, 极限抗拉应力 load capacity 承载能力 那些在较厚构件或大体积构件中存在的三维约束也促进脆性破坏的发生，原因是局部应力过高，还因为裂缝发生时释放的能量更多，结果是增加了裂缝展开的容易性。 Assignment 1. Review the text and the important words and phrase; 2. Translate the paragraph 2~4 into Chinese; 3.?Read the after-text reading materials. Prepare a summary (250~300words) of the reading material. It is generally accepted for design purposes that the fatigue life N varies with the stress range Paragraph 7 ( how to calculate the fatigue life N for design purpose) according to equation of the type in which the constant K depends on the details of the fatigue site, and the constant m may increase with the number of cycles N. vary with v. 随...而变化 site n. 地点, 场所, 遗址 building site 建筑工地 在公式中常数K 依赖于（发生）疲劳的位置的细节构造，常数m 随循环次数N增大。 Paragraph 7 Fatigue failure under variable amplitude（振幅） stress cycles is assessed using Miner‘s rule Paragraph 8 ( How to assess the fatigue failure under variable amplitude stress cycle variable amplitude [?mplitju:d] stress cycles 振幅可变应力循环 in which Ni is the number of cycles of a particular stress range f ‘ri （特定应力范围的周期荷载循环的次数） and Nim is the constant amplitude fatigue life for that stress range.（对应此应力范围的常振幅疲劳寿命） constant amplitude fatigue life 常振幅疲劳寿命 Paragraph 8 joint n. 接缝, 接合处,铰链, 节点 permissible stress 允许应力 stress flow 应力流 points of contraflexure [,k?ntr?flek??] 反弯点 Neutral [nju:tr?l] axis [?ksis] 中性轴 New Words and Expression of Paragraph 9 Pa