锂离子电池老化失效机理及优化管理方法的理论研究述评_白鹏.pdfVIP

2011中国汽车工程学会年会论文集 SAE-C2011N038 173 锂离子电池老化失效机理及优化管理方法的理论研究述评 (2) 白鹏⑴田光宇⑴何向明 陈全世⑴ 1.清华大学，汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室，汽车工程系 2.清华大学，核能与新能源技术研究院 【摘要】本文分析了车用锂离子电池的老化失效机理。由于电池个体差异，某一串联单体的过充过放是造成车用电池 组失效的主要原因。石墨负极及其表面形成的固体电解质膜的演化过程对电池的老化和失效负有主要责任。使电池工作在最 优的温度、电压和电流三维窗口内，能够减缓电池的老化失效、获得更长的使用寿命。由于多孔电极局部高温和高电压会在 向外传导过程中衰减和平均，实验测得数据无法反映其原位状态及危险源点。然而，借助联系表观数据与原位状态的数学理 论，则有可能通过调控电池外部条件使整块电极工作在三维优化窗口内，实现电池的高效安全使用。 【关键词】电动汽车锂离子电池老化失效三维优化窗口 AReviewofDegradationandFailureMechanisminLi-ion Batteriesandthe oreticalStudiesTowardOptimizationandManagementTechnology 1 1 2 1 BaiPeng ，TianGuangyuXiangming，He ChenQuanshi, 7. State KeyLaboratoryofAutomotiveSafetyandEnergy, DepartmentofAutomotive Engineering, Tsinghua University 2. Institute Nuclearof andNew Energy Technology,Tsinghua University Abstract：Thispaperanalyzed the mechanismsofbattery degradationandfailure.Duetotheindividualdifferences, charge of cells in series is the principal cause of the breakdown of a battery package. Evolution of grapliite anode and the solid-electrolyte in­ terface is ihe main reason of degradation and failure. There exists a 3D optimal window of temperature, voltage and current, within which battery degradation would be retarded and longer cycle life can be expected. Because of the decay and average of the local hi^i temperature and voltage during conduction, the measured data cannot reflect the in situ state of the batteries and the hazard origins therein. However, mathematical theory thai connecting the apparent data and the in situ slate provides guidance to ensur