Acquired Gefitinib-Resistant Mutation of EGFR in a Chemonaive Lung Adenocarcinoma Harboring Gefitinib-Sensitive Mutation L858R 英文参考文献.docVIP
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Acquired Gefitinib-Resistant Mutation of EGFR in a Chemonaive Lung Adenocarcinoma Harboring Gefitinib-Sensitive Mutation L858R 英文参考文献
Open access, freely available online
Correspondence
Misleading Information
on the Properties of Vitamin C
Steve Hickey (radicalascorbate@)
Manchester Metropolitan University
Manchester, United Kingdom
Steve Hickey, Hilary Roberts
Hilary Roberts
The Cochrane review by Douglas et al. [1], which is
referenced in the Best Practice article by Douglas and Hemil?
[2], covers 60 years of research into vitamin C and the
common cold. However, the review omits pharmacokinetic
data that invalidate the conclusion that vitamin C is
ineffective. This conclusion is not derivable from the data
presented.
The dual-phase pharmacokinetics of vitamin C are
described by the dynamic ?ow model [3,4]. Low gram-level
intakes of ascorbate, leading to blood plasma levels below 70
μM/l, have a half-life of 8–40 days. Higher gram-level intakes
have a plasma half-life of 30 minutes [3]. A large oral dose
raises blood plasma levels brie?y: they reach a peak after two
to three hours, before decaying back to baseline. Frequent
repeated doses allow sustained high plasma levels of about
250 μM/l [4,5].
Douglas and Hemil? reviewed intakes that transiently raise
plasma ascorbate levels above 70 μM/l. A single dose does
not raise the median level [6,7]. Daily supplements would,
thus, not increase disease resistance to any great degree [3,4].
Single or double doses daily will not increase background
plasma levels, regardless of the magnitude of the dose [6,7].
Since plasma ascorbate is at background level for the majority
of the day, effects will be minimal.
Manchester, United Kingdom
References
1.
Douglas RM, Hemil? H, D’Souza R, Chalker EB, Treacy B (2004) Vitamin C
for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev
4: CD000980.pub2.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Douglas RM, Hemil? H (2005) Vitamin C for preventing and treating the
common cold. PLoS Med 2: e168. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0020168
Hickey S, Roberts HJ (2004) Ascorbate: The science of vitamin C. Napa
(California): Lulu Press. 264
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