青海天然针叶林区11种常见小蠹及其坑道特征识别.pdfVIP

. 11 . 中国森林病虫 2015 年 11 月 第 34 卷第6 期 青海天然针叶林区 11 种常见小蠢及其坑道特征识别 韩富忠1 ，杨保玉1 ，樊国有1 ，夏吾加1 ，马祥东2 (黄南州麦秀林场，青海黄南 811399; 2. 同仁县双棚西林场，青海黄南 811399) 摘要:近几年小蠢在青海省天然针叶林区内，尤其是隆务河流域危害较重。要及时控制小蠢在青海 省以云杉为主的天然针叶林内发生庭，害蔓延的趋势，搞清小蠢虫优势危害种、生活习性、l色害特点、 形态识别特征等尤为重要。小蠢虫体型较小，种、属特征很难区分。作者利用 11 种小蠢虫的形态 特征、产卵方式、坑道特征、坑道内雌雄比、怠害特点、危害树种等规律性特征区分小蠢虫种类，在实 践当中尤为适用。 关键词:青海省;天然针叶林;小蠢虫种类;形态特征;坑道特征 中图分类号:S763.38 文献标志码:A 文章编号: 1671 -0886(2015)06 -∞11-06 Identification of 11 speci筒。fbark beet1四 and their galleri臼 in natural coniferous for，四ts in Qing- hai pro世nce/HAN Fuzhong ,et al. (Maixiu Forest Farm of Huangnan Preti饵ture , Huangnan 811399 , China) Abstract:B缸k beet1es caused very serious damage in the natural coniferous forests in Qinghai pro vince ,especially in the native spruce forests of Longwuhe Valley. It was essential to make clear the dominant species of bark beetles ,their life habit ,damage characteristics and mo甲hological identification for the control of the damage caused by the bark beetles. Eleven species of dominant bark beet1es were identified and di旺erentiated by mo甲hological characteristics , oviposition habit , gallery characteristics , sex ratio in galleri邸，damage and the infested tr，四 species for the application in the practice. Key words: Qinghai province; natural coniferous forest; bark beet1e species; mo甲hological characte- ristics ;gallery characteristics 小蠢虫是重要的钻蛙害虫，对许多针叶树种造 行，林内主要树种有祁连圆柏 Sabina przewalskii 、青 成了极大危害，严重时可导致大量林木在短时间内 海云杉Picea crassifolia 、紫果云杉 P. purpurea 、油松 成片枯死。青海省天然林和人工林内大约有 30 余 Pinus tabula写formis 等。多年调查发现，青海天然针 种小蠢虫，其中常见的主要危害种有 11 种，隶属于