初二被动语态练习.docxVIP

被动语态。(The Passive Voice) (1)主动语态和被动语态 英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态(The Passive Voice) Many people speak English.(主动语态) English is spoken by many people。(被动语态) (2)被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称，数和时态的变化，其变化 规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。现以动词ask为例子，将一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态的 肯定式，否定式及疑问式列表如下： 一般现在时 肯定式 I am asked…… You are asked…… He/She is asked…… We are asked…… You are asked…… They are asked…… 否定式 I am not asked…… You are not asked…… He/She is not asked…… We are not asked…… You are not asked…… They are not asked…… 疑问式 Am I asked……？ Are you asked……？ Is he/She asked……？ Are we asked……？ Are you asked……？ Are they asked……？ 一般过去时 肯定式 I was asked…… You were asked…… He/She was asked…… We were asked…… You were asked…… They were asked…… 否定式 I was not asked…… You were not asked…… He/She was not asked…… We were not asked…… You were not asked…… They were not asked…… 疑问式 was I asked……？ were you asked……？ was he/She asked……？ were we asked……？ were you asked……？ were they asked……？ (3)含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。如： This bicycle can be mended in two hour。 This trees may be planted in spring。 The room must be kept clean。 The flowers should be watered often。 (4)被动语态的用法 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的 承受者时，需要被动语态。如： This jacket is made of cotton。 English is spoken in Canada。 现在完成时现在完成时(The Present Perfect Tense) (1)现在完成时的构成 现在完成时由“助动词have(has)+过去分词”构成。现以动词work为例， Ihave worked。Have you worked？(2)现在完成时的用法 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 Have you had your lunch yet？Yes，I have。Ive just had it。 I have already posted the photos。 现在完成时的时间状语或副词： for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years 现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know过去完成时(1).过去完成时的构成 过去完成时由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数)+过去分词”构成 (2).过去完成时的用法 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去” 表示过去某一时间可用by，before等构成的短语，也可用when，before等引导的从句或者通过上下文表示。 例句 By the end of the match ,they had scored two goals and we had scored four. We had reached the station before ten