简述各种从句中的引导词.doc

简述各种从句中的引导词 一．名词性从句是指在句中充当名词能充当的成分（如主语，宾语，表语，同位语）的从句，包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连词（5个）：that （宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略） whether, if （均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性） as if ,as though （均表示“好像”，“似乎”） 以上在从句中均不充当任何成分 连接代词（9个）：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever 连接副词（7个）：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however A．宾语从句中的引导词 从属连词，包括that、 if、whether、as if和as though,都不在从句中从当任何成分。that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句。 He told me (that ）he would go to college the next year. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 2.关联代词who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。 Do you know who has won Red Alert game？ The book will show you what the best CEO should know. Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia call phone？ 连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. Could you please tell me how you use the new panel None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. B．主语从句中的引导词 从属连词that，whether,if等； 如：Its a great pity（that）they didnt get married 连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever，whom 等； 如：which he will choose remains unknown. 3) 连接副词how，when，where，why 等。 D．同位语从句通常由that引导。 如：The news that our team won the match is exciting. 二． 定语从句是在句中充当定语的从句，其引导词包括两类：关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词：that which who whom whose以及as.其中that which who在从句中 充当主语或者宾语，whom只能充当宾语，whose只能充当定语,as仅用于非限定性定语从句中。 如：A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan 关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词=介词+关系代词 Why =for which Where =in/ at/ on which（介词同先行词搭配） When =during/ on/ in/…… 1.时间状语从句：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 2. 地点状语从句常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible。 3. 原因状语从句 常用引导词：because, since, as, for 特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that. Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference. 4． 目的状语从句 常用引导词：so that, in