技术融入了人类创造艺术的过程.docVIP

技术融入了人类创造艺术的过程？还是说艺术本身就是技术的一种？生活世界中的技术与艺术的结合，艺术向技术的渗透，技术对艺术的帮助？新媒体艺术（new media art）是艺术家的事情，是用艺术家的视角来观察这个时代的人类生存环境。而我要探究的是这个时代里的人类可不可以更多的享受到艺术的盛宴，可不可以给生活增添更多的艺术气息。人们生活在技术世界里，技术创造里面融入艺术的问题。用艺术来唤醒机器时代掩藏起来的人性。用艺术来解决科学理性时代人类的问题。论证艺术可以解放人。 User Technology: From Pointing to Pondering Stuart K. Card and Thomas P. Moran Xerox Palo Alto Research Center From its beginning, the technology of personal workstations has been driven by visions of a future in which people would work in intimate partnership with computer systems on significant intellectual tasks. These visions have been expressed in various forms: Memex (Bush, 1945), Man-Machine Symbiosis (Licklider, 1960), NLS (Engelbart, 1963), Dynabook (Kay, 1977), and others. The tight coupling between human and computer required by these visions necessitated advances in the ways humans and computers interact. These advances have slowly begun to accumulate into what might be called a user technology. This user technology includes hardware and software techniques for building effective user interfaces: bitmapped displays, menus, pointing devices, modeless command languages, animation, and interface metaphors. But it must include a technical understanding of the user himself and of the nature of human-computer interaction. This latter part, the scientific base of user technology, is necessary in order to understand why interaction techniques are (or are not) successful, to help us invent new techniques, and to pave the way for machines that aid humans in performing significant intellectual tasks. In this paper, we trace some of the history of our understanding of users and their interaction with workstations--the personal part of personal workstations. In keeping with the spirit of other papers at this conference, we have centered this review around our own experiences, perspectives, and work and have not attempted a complete history of the field. In concentrating on our own work, we do not wish to mimimize the importance of others