38例小儿肺炎支原体肺炎回顾性分析 医学毕业论文.docVIP

38例小儿肺炎支原体肺炎回顾性分析 【摘要】目的通过对小儿支原体肺炎的发病年龄、症状体征、辅助检查、用药疗效的分析，提高诊治水平。方法对2009年7月至2011年5月收治的38例支原体肺炎病例进行回顾性总结分析，比较小儿支原体肺炎的发病年龄、临床症状体征和治疗效果。结果显示患儿发病年龄多为3～6岁儿童，占52.6%(20例)。临床以发热、咳嗽、咽部充血为主要症状，占92.1%(35例)，可伴有不同程度的肺外症状，MP-IgM阳性率高达100%(38例)。治疗以红霉素、阿奇霉素序贯治疗疗效好，副作用小。结论为小儿支原体肺炎好发于学龄前儿童，MP-IgM阳性有利于早期诊断，红霉素、阿奇霉素序贯治疗支原体肺炎，疗效好，副作用小。 【关键词】支原体肺炎；学龄前儿童；MP-IgM；序贯治疗 【 abstract 】 objective to pediatric mycoplasma pneumonia ages of onset, clinical symptoms and signs, related auxiliary examination, treatment medicine and curative effect analysis, improve the level of diagnosis and treatment. Methods in July 2009 to May 2011 were 38 cases of mycoplasma pneumonia cases were analysed, to compare pediatric mycoplasma pneumonia ages of onset, clinical symptoms and signs and treatment effect. Results show that the more children age for 3 ~ 6 years old children, 52.6% (20 cases). Clinical with fever, cough, pharynx as the main symptom, 92.1% (35 cases), may be associated with different degree of pulmonary symptoms, MP - IgM positive rate is as high as 100% (38 cases). Treatment with erythromycin, azithromycin sequential therapy has good curative effect, little side effects. Conclusion for pediatric mycoplasma pneumonia good hair at preschool children, MP - IgM positive is helpful to early diagnosis, erythromycin, azithromycin sequential treatment mycoplasma pneumonia, has good curative effect, side effect is small, with good compliance, easy to use. 【 key words 】 mycoplasma pneumonia; Preschool children; MP - IgM; Sequential therapy 目 录 1　资料与方法 1.1　一般资料 1.2　方法 1.2.1　治疗方法 1.2.2　疗效评判标准 1.3　统计学处理 2.2　实验室检查 2.3　X线胸片检查 2.4　临床疗效 2.5　药物不良反应 3　讨论 小儿肺炎支原体肺炎旧称原发性非典型肺炎、冷凝集阳性肺炎，是由支原体(mycoplasma,MP)感染引起的、基本病程为间质性肺炎及毛细支气管炎样改变。其临床表现轻重不一，可有有溶血性贫血、脑膜炎、心肌炎、肾炎、格林-巴利综合症等肺外合并症，容易误诊。肺炎支原体是儿童时期呼吸道感染重要病原之一，其引起小儿肺炎有增加的趋势[1] ，临床上应加强对肺炎支原体感染的防治，急性呼吸道感染的患儿进行肺炎支原体抗体检测对临床治疗极有帮助