607-思想方法：公式E=U／d的拓展及应用技巧.pptVIP

思想方法： 公式E＝U／d的拓展 及应用技巧 第六章 静电场 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1. 电势差 (1)定义： 电荷由电场中一点A移到另一点B时，_________________与所移动电荷的 的比值． (2)定义式：UAB＝ ． (3)电势差与电势的关系：UAB＝ ，UAB＝－UBA. 电场力F做的功WAB 电荷量q WAB/q φA－φB (4)影响因素:电势差UAB由电场本身的性质决定，与移动的电荷q及电场力做的功WAB ，与零电势点的选取_________． 2. 匀强电场中电势差与电场强度的关系 (1)电势差与场强的关系式：UAB＝Ed，其中d为电场中两点间____________的距离，或两点所在等势面间的距离，只适用于匀强电场． (2)电场强度的方向和大小：电场中，场强方向是指__________最快的方向．在匀强电场中，场强在数值上等于沿________方向每单位距离上降低的电势． 无关 无关 沿场强方向 电势降落 场强 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3.应用“一式二结论”巧解电场强度与电势差相关的问题． 一式 二结论 结论2　匀强电场中若两线段AB∥CD,且AB＝CD，则UAB＝UCD (或φA－φB＝φC－φD)，如图示. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 审题 析疑 1. 根据已知条件需要再找到一个点,其电势与题设中某点的电势相等,从而确定等势面位置,这个点如何寻找? 2.电场强度指向哪个方向？怎样画图方便解答？ 20V 16V 24V 12V 20V E Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 题后总结： 公式E＝U/d只能适用于匀强电场的定量计算，但在非匀强电场中，可以用该式进行定性判断。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 交点处电势为多少V？ Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Asp