土木工程专业外语(重庆交通大学).pptVIP

土木工程专业外语 Civil Engineering Specialized English About the course 序言(preface) 英国利兹大学John Swales 的统计，科技英语中的谓语至少三分之一是被动态结构。 A) A direct current is a current which flows always in the direction. B)A direct current is a current flowing in the same direction. 谢 谢！ * * 重庆交通大学土木建筑学院 Why to offer? Throw a sprat to catch a whale What to learn? Translation, reading How to learn? College English and Specialized English (大学英语与专业英语) 大学英语 专业英语 听、说、读、写 重点在阅读、翻译和写作。 介绍听和说 基础 进阶 专业文献的阅读和翻译 日常应用 CET4　和　CET6 听、说、读、写 词汇、语法、 句型 Part One Characteristics of specialized English （专业英语的特点 ） 大量使用名词化结构 广泛使用被动语句 非限定动词 后置定语 复合词与缩略词 长句 多种方法表达数字和否定 行文 清晰、客观、精练、严密 文体 简洁、准确、清晰 信息量大、强调存在的事实 内容 目的 手段 一、大量使用名词化结构(Nominalization ) Archimedes first discovered the principle that water is displaced by solid bodies.阿基米德最先发展固体排水的原理。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Archimedes first discovered the principle of displacement of water by solid bodies. Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图象。 名词化结构the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves 强调客观事实。 名词化结构，一方面简化了同位语从句，另一方强调displacement 这一事实 WHAT? 比较下面两段短文： We can store electrical energy in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. We call such a device a capacitor, or a condenser, and its ability to store electrical energy capacitance .It is measured in farads. Electrical energy can be stored in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. Such a device is called a capacitor, or a condenser, and its ability to store electrical energy is termed capacitance. It is measured in farads.电能可储存在由一绝缘介质隔开的两块金属板内。这样的装置称之为电容器。其储存电能的能力称为电容。电容的测量单位是法拉。 WHY? 强调与客观 使用时要注意：主要的信息置于句首 ;尽量避免使用第一、二人称 二、广泛使用被动语句(the passive) 三、非限定动词 (the nonrestrictive verb) 在科技英语中，不常使用非限制定语从句，而使用非限定动词，即非谓语动词 A) In the communications, the problem of electronics is how information is conveyed from one place to another.