2013年高考语法复习.docVIP

2013年高考语法复习---非谓语动词 to do / doing / done 在英语中，一个句子在不用连词和从句的情况下（即简单句），只能用一个谓语动词，如在这种情况下还需要其它的动词才能将句子的意思表达完整，则必须将另外一个动词转变为非谓语动词，让它在句中充当出谓语以外的其它句子成分（主、宾、表、定、状、补）。 Ⅰ. 命题趋势与高考热点 to do/ doing/ done 在具体语境中的基本用法（定、状、宾、补） 非谓语动词中不同形式的基本用法.（being done/having done/ having been done/ to be done/ to have done） 固定句型（搭配）或固定的评注性状语：not to say/ believe it or not/ generally speaking/ judging by( from)/ considering Ⅱ.突破方法： 理解分析非谓语动词的句法功能，重点掌握不定式与动名词作宾语的区别；不定式与分词作补语、状语、定语的区别；非谓语动词与祈使句的区别. 具备一定的句子结构知识（简单句、复合句、陈述句、祈使句）；词类及句子成分知识（简单句的5种基本句型）；从句知识和动词知识. Ⅲ.解题思路： 分析句子结构，确定设空处在句中充当的成分（主、宾、定、状、补）. 找准有关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系（主动/被动）. 寻找句中相关的时间信息或比较谓语动词与非谓语动词，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式. Ⅳ.非谓语动词的用法要点： 非谓语动词的知识概要. 非谓语动词的种类和基本形式 时态 /语态 主动式 被动式 表示的意义 to do 一般式 to do to be done 未发生/ 不定式的动作发生在谓动动作之后 完成式 to have done to have been done 不定式动作发生在主句谓动动作之前 to have been doing 进行式 to be doing 无 同时性（不定式动作与谓动动作同时进行） V-ing 一般式 doing being done V-ing动作与谓动动作同时发生或强调V-ing动作正在进行 完成式 having done having been done V-ing动作明显发生在谓动动作之前，尤其强调时间的先后 V-ed 一般式 done 被动，完成 Practice 用所给词的正确形式填空： 1). The two students pretended _________ (read) carefully when the teacher came in. 2). The government should take effective measures ________ (protect) the environment. 3). I’m sorry __________ (bring) so much trouble. 4). The book __________(publish) next month is for children under six. 5). This novel is said ___________ (translate) into several foreign languages. 6). _______ (see) the house on fire, he dialed 119. 7). _______(write) in simple English, the book is easy to read . 8). _________ (water) the vegetables, we began to dig the ground. 9)._________ (encourage) by the teacher, Wang Ming decided to study harder. 10). I appreciate _________ (invite) to your home. 11)._______ (give) more time, I would have done it better. 12). For breakfast, he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _______(grow) on his own farm. 13)._________ (check) that all the windows were closed, and that all the li