计算机网络(小抄版)（国外英文资料）.doc

计算机网络(小抄版)（国外英文资料） Chapter one introduction The simplest definition of a computer network is a collection of interconnected, autonomous machines. At present people to the computer network is defined as: computer network refers to the number of different geographical position and has independent function of computer, through the communication equipment and lines connected to each other, in order to realize the data transfer and sharing resources of a computer system. According to computer network topology structure is divided into stellate structure, hierarchy, or tree structure, the general linear structure, circular structure, point, point the interconnection structure, points - part of the connection of irregular structure (network) six Chapter iii computer network architecture Network architecture definition: in order to complete the computer communication between cooperation, define the function of each computer interconnection into clear levels, and provided with hierarchical process communication protocol and interface between adjacent layers and service. The protocols for communication between these same layers and the interfaces of the adjacent layers are collectively referred to as the network architecture. Network protocol three elements: syntax, semantics, synchronization. The OSI reference model: physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, session layer, presentation layer, application layer, each layer function is: The physical layers task is to transmit the bitstream transparently on the communication channel. The main task of the data link layer is to enhance the capability of the physical layer to transmit the original bits, making it a no-fault line for the network layer. The main functions of the network layer is to complete the network transmission of data between any host, the key problem is how to group from the source host is routed to the destination host. The basic function of the transport layer is to accept data from a