2014年山东省日照市教师招聘真题(英语+教育理论).docVIP

第一节： 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films weve just watched or books weve just finished reading, but plain and simple _51_.??? Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we _52_ do with it? We gossip. About others behaviour and private lives, such as whos doing what with whom, whos in and whos out-and why; how to deal with difficult _53_ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.??? So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural _54_，of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? Its not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really _55_ issues.Dunbar _56_ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We dont spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar— _57_, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.??? Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the _58_ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming--cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or _59_ from outside it.??? As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar _60_ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping toget