Approaches and methods in language teaching and learning(杨).ppt

Approaches and Methods in Foreign Language Teaching and Learning Three terms related to language teaching Approach Method Technique Approach It is a set of correlated assumptions or theories dealing with the nature of language and language learning. It determines the methods adopted under the approach. Within one approach, there can be many methods. Method It is an overall plan for the orderly presentation of language material, i.e., which is an application of views on how a language is best taught and learned. Different methods of language teaching result from different views of: the nature of language the nature of language learning goals and objectives in teaching the type of syllabus to use the role of teachers, learners, and instructional materials the techniques and procedures to use Technique Any of a wide variety of exercises, activities, or devices used in the language classroom for realizing lesson objectives. Different theories about the nature of language and how languages are learned (the approach) imply different ways of teaching (the method), and different methods make use of different kinds of classroom activity (the technique). The main foreign language teaching methods The Grammar-translation Method (1840s-1940s) Direct Method (1900-1930----) Situational language teaching (Oral approach) (1930-1980-----) Audio-Lingual Method (1950-1980---) Total Physical Response The Silent Way (1960s-2000s) Community language learning (1960s-2000s) Suggestopedia The Natural Approach Communicative Language Teaching Task-Based Language Teaching Post method   The Grammar-translation Method (1840s-1940s) The Grammar-translation Method (1840s-1940s) Typically used in teaching Greek and Latin when living languages began to be widely taught in the 19th century. It was the dominant method until the end of the century and has continued to be used in one form or another until the present day. The principal features The students’ native