特殊教育文献分析举例.pptVIP

* Reference Deborah, R. C.,Robert, H. H.(2007). Adding functional behavioral assessment to first step to success .Journal of Positive Behavioral ,9, 229-238. Purpose of the Study ?Assess the value of adding functional behavioral assessment procedures to the design of First Step intervention protocols. ?Whether there was a differential effect between function-based and non-function-based First Step in the reduction of problem behavior and the increase in academically engaged time of a first-grade student. Research Questions Participants and Setting Noah --- 6-year-old Caucasian boy --- first-grade student --- In the class with 27 other students --- Referred for behavior support by his teacher due to talking out,disruption, and noncompliance in the classroom --- Was not receiving special education services and was not taking any medication --- Scored in the average range for cooperation and assertion and in the below average range for self-control ( on social skills scale) --- Scored in the more than average range for externalizing and hyperactivity --- Scored near the high end of the average range for academic competence Dependent Variables: Operational Definitions of Problem Behaviors Talk-Outs : defined as any statement made by a student that interrupted or interfered with instruction or disrupted other students’ attention to task (academic engagement), or any verbal utterance made without being called on or asked a question directly . Outof-seat : defined as a student’s not being in the expected place or not being in his seat when expected during an activity. Not being in his seat included when the student lost contact with the seat surface or when all four legs of the chair were not touching the ground. Noncompliance or defiance : defined as the student’s not following directions or classroom rules or expectations or not complying with a teacher or classroom a