科技创新的类型和程度.PDFVIP

35 1 () Vol. 35 No. 1 2005 3 Journal ofH enan Un ivers ity ( Natural Science) M ar. 2005 ) ) ) 基于百年诺贝尔物理学奖的考察和分析 1 2* 施纯峥 , 曾国屏 ( 11 清华大学 电子工程系, 北京 1000 4; 21 清华大学 科学技术与社会研究中心, 北京 1000 4) : , . , . , , , . : ; ; ; ; : G304 : A : 1003- 497 ( 2005) 01- 0105- 06 Type and D egree of Innovation in Science and Technology: R eview and Analy sis Based on the Physics N obel P rize 1 2 SH I Chun-zheng , ZENG Guo-p ing ( 1. D ep artment of E lectron ic E ng ineer ing T sing hua Un iv resity, B eij ing 1000 4, Ch ina; 2. Center of S cience, T echnology and Soc iety, T sing hua Un iv ersity, B eij ing 1000 4, Ch ina) A bstrac t: There are various types and degrees in innovation of science and technology, wh ich can be classified and stud ied in d ifferen t points of view. Based on the carrier of know ledge, the innovation can be classified into concept innovation, theory innovation, invention innovation and expermi ent innovation. The Nobel Prize in physics in the century based on its aw ard ing reason form the innovation m atrix by innovation types and degrees asw ell as a case being studied by using it. K ey w ord s: innovation of science and technology; type of innovation; degree of innovation; innovation m atrix; NobelPrize . , , [ 1- 3] . , (), , . 1 , . 111 . , , . (/ 0), , (, ). : , . / 0, . , . : 2004-11-25 : ( 1975- ), , , , 1 * , , , 1 106 ( ), 2005, 35 1 . / 0, , . , . , / 0, . , / 0( 1