被动语态-sunyan.docVIP

个 性 化 教 材 教 学 主 题： 英语被动语态 授 课 内 容 本讲主要内容：被动语态 一、概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。 语态英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 例如：Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。 例如：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 二、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。 2．把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格代词变成宾格代词，并由by引导。 3．谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。 主动语态：动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者 被动语态：动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者 We asked him to sing an English song.（变为被动语态） He was asked to sing an English song by us. We Visited that factory last summer 主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比p.p.=past participle 过去分词 do/does am / is / are +done （1）Do they speak French ? （2）They don’t use the room . Is French spoken by them ? The room isn’t used by them . 一般过去时 did was / were +done （1）The hunter killed a tiger . （2）He wrote many stories last year . A tiger was killed by the hunter . Many stories was written by him last year . 现在进行时 am/is/are + doing am / is / are +being +done （1）These workers are building a new bridge . （2）He is mending his car . A new bridge is being built by these workers . His car is being mended by him . 过去进行时 was/were+ doing was / were + being +done （1）He was selling books . （2）They were discussing the plan at that time . Books were being built by him . The plan was being discussed by them at that time . 现在完成时 have/has+ done have / has + been + done （1）She has learned many English words . （2）He has finished the work . Many English words have been learned by her . The work has been finished by him . 过去完成时 had+done had + been + done （1）They has solved the problem . （2）We had told him the news by then . The problem had been solved by them . The news had been told to him by us . 一般将来时 will/shall/ be going to+do shall / will/ be going to+