[科目] 物理(国外英文).docVIP

[科目] 物理(国外英文资料) As shown in Figure 2 (3) there are other ways in physics to measure the size of molecules The size of molecules measured by different methods is not exactly the same But the order of magnitude is the same Measurement results show that The order of magnitude of the general molecular diameter is 10-10m For example, water molecules are 4 * 10-10m in diameter The molecular diameter of hydrogen is... 2.3 x 10-10m (4) it is pointed out that it is an approximate model to think that the molecule is a small ball Deal with problems simply The actual molecular structure is very complex But by estimating the order of magnitude of the molecular size A deeper understanding of the size of molecules has been made 2. Avogadro constant Ask the students: what is the A Fugadero constant that you learned in chemistry? What is the value? The number of particles (including the number of atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) contained in the lmol substance is determined The number is called the A Fugadero constant This constant can be represented by the symbol NA NA=6.02 x 10-23 /mol Rough calculations can be NA=6.02 x 10-23 /mol (the A Fugadero constant is a fundamental constant Scientists constantly measure it in various ways With a view to getting its exact value ) Ask the students again The significance of molar mass and molar volume If you know the size of the molecule It is easy to work out the A Fugadero constant for example The quality of lmol water is 0.018kg The volume is 1.8 * 10-5 M3 The diameter of each water molecule is 4 * 10-10m Its volume is pi /6 (4 * 10-10) m3=3 * 10-29m3 Suppose that the water molecules are arranged next to each other Question students: how to calculate the amount of water molecules contained in lmol water? Answer 3. estimation of microscopic physical quantities If the A Fugadero constant is known The molecular size of liquids and solids can be estimated Previously we assume that the molecules of liquids and solids are assumed to be arranged on