情态动词具体重点.ppt

情 态 动 词 can和could (1) 表能力，“能，会” She can speak English. She could play the piano at the age of three. be able to能用于各种时态；can/could只能表示现在或过去的能力。 was/were able to“设法做成某事”相当于managed to do sth// succeeded in doing sth All the people trapped in the burning house were able to get out of it. (2) 表请求和许可，“可以”，could比can更加委婉，表示礼貌 Can I smoke here? —Could I use your computer? —Yes, you can. (3) can表客观可能性，“有时候会”，用于肯定句 A wise man can sometimes make a mistake. (4) can表推测，用于疑问句、否定句。肯定句用must Can the news be true? He can’t be at home because I saw him here just now. may和might 1表示允许、许可 —May I leave now? —No, you mustn’t. //Yes, you may. 2表示推测、可能，用于肯定句和否定句，might比may可能性更小 Nobody has ever seen him since that year. He may/might have gone abroad. 3May + 主语 + 动词原形，表示祝愿 May you succeed. must和have?to 1must表示出于主观意识而必须要做某事；have to却表示由于某种客观原因而不得不做某事。have to自身有时态的变化形式。 —Must we hand in our exercises today? —Yes, you must. —No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 2mustn’t意为“不应该，禁止” 3must还可用来表示把握较大的推测，“一定”，其否定形式为can not/can’t（不可能） You must be tired after your long journey. will和would 1表示意愿、意志 If you will help me with my English, I will be very happy. 2在疑问句中，用于第二人称，表示请求或征求意见，would比will语气更委婉 Will/Would you please give me a hand? 3表示习惯性的动作，“总是，常常” The old man is strange. He will sit for hours without saying anything. When I was a child, my mother would read me a story every night. 对比would和used to 表示今昔动作对比，用used to I don’t play tennis now, but I used to. He would get up early when he lived in the countryside. 表示过去的状态，用used to He used to be a quiet boy. shall 1shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示，“…好吗？要不要…？” Shall I open the window for you? Shall he fetch some water for you? 2shall用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的许诺、命令、警告、威胁。 You shall do as I say. Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. He shall be punished. 3用于条约、规定、规章等文件中，表示一种义务，多用于第三人称中。 “The interest ____ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.” declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must