linguistics 之morphology 之compouding概要1.pptVIP

Definition of Morphology Morphology refers to the study of the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed. Outline of Morphology Open class and closed class Morphemes Derivational and inflectional morphemes Morphological rules of word formation Compounds Three ways of forming a compound Hyphenated compounds eg: father-in-law Solid compounds eg: doornob Open compounds eg: April Fool’s Day Supplementary Endocentric compounds(向心复合) eg: self-control virus-sensitive core meaning pain-killer Exocentric compounds(离心复合) eg: sit-down playboy takehome cutthroat * * without undertake Off-licence inborn prep.- cutup sleepwalk pickpocket carryall V- headsoff spoonfeed rainbow headstrong n.- blackout whitewash clearway bittersweet adj.- prep.- V- n.- adj.- One way to form compound words is by stringing words together. Some noteworthy points 1.When the two words are in the same grammatical category, the compound will be in this category. noun +noun → noun eg: post box landlady adj. +adj. → adj. eg: blue-black icy-cold 2.In many cases, the two words falls into different categories. Then the class of the second or final word will be the grammatical category of the compound. noun + adj.→ adj. eg: head-strong verb + noun → noun eg: pickpocket Point 2 is not always true, and compounds with a preposition are in the category of the non-prepositional part of the compound . eg: under take in action up lift 3.It is often the case that compounds have different stress patterns from the non-compounded word sequence. ’redcoat Vs. red coat ’greenhouse Vs. green house 4.The meaning of a compound is not always the sum of the meanings of its parts. eg: Kate found a red coat in her aunt’s closet. Vs. Kate found a Redcoat in her aunt’s closet.