存疑与宁静——希腊怀疑主义的精神历程（国外英文资料）.docVIP

存疑与宁静——希腊怀疑主义的精神历程 Doubt and peace The spiritual course of Greek Skepticism [author] Cui Yanqiang [author] Cui Yanqiang, Institute of philosophy, Southwestern Normal University The pursuit of happiness and goodness, peace and quiet longings of the soul is a prominent feature of Late Greek philosophy. Each school regards it as the ultimate goal of intellectual activity and the highest realm of human existence. Epicurus said, no pain and life philosophy in the flesh and soul without confusion. Stoicism emphasizes the purpose of life is happiness, but happiness is quiet running life, this life according to nature, reason. Skepticism equates peace (ataraksia) to happiness (eudaimonia), which suggests that misfortune is the disturbance of the mind by arbitrary beliefs or opinions. Skepticism defines ones mental activity as a way of life (Agoge). Its ultimate purpose is to seek peace in belief and to maintain moderation and moderation in things that are impossible to avoid. Various philosophies have no fundamental difference in the ultimate purpose of human existence and spiritual activity. As the German scholar E Qira said, epicurean, Stoicism and skepticism of three kinds of thoughts are homologous, as well as the three branches of the same tree. [1] However, what means do we rely on for this purpose? Where is the path to peace and happiness? Since Platon and Aristotle, there has been a long held tradition of faith that all metaphysical knowledge about the external world must be used as a pillar of peace and happiness. The traditional belief of stoicism is more volatile to construct a most incisive, fine and dictatorial system. That virtue is a stable state of rational domination in the soul, a capacity produced by reason. And the function of reason is to grasp all appearances (katalepsis). The semblance of certainty is knowledge and truth, and its solid reliability is like a clenched fist. Therefore, the discovery of truth, the construction of knowledge, the realizatio