美国经济专题 3.ppt

Richard Nixon (1969-1973): ? The Vietnam War dragged on until 1975 ? Americas trade deficit swelled as low-priced and frequently high-quality imports of everything from automobiles to steel to semiconductors flooded into the United States. 11. Stagflation in the 1970s Richard Nixon (1969-1973) drag on 拖延 impeachment 弹劾 hostage 人质 swell 肿胀，膨胀 semiconductor 半导体 Jimmy Carter (1977-1981)： ?Tried to combat economic weakness and unemployment by increasing government spending, and he established voluntary wage and price guidelines to control inflation. Both were largely unsuccessful. 11. Stagflation in the 1970s Jimmy Carter (1977-1981) Ronald Reagan (1981-1989): ? He based his economic program on the theory of supply-side economics, which advocated reducing tax rates so people could keep more of what they earned. The theory was that lower tax rates would induce people to work harder and longer, and that this in turn would lead to more saving and investment, resulting in more production and stimulating overall economic growth. 12. The Economy in the 1980s Ronald Reagan (1981-1989) supply-side 供应学派的 induce 诱使，导致 George Bush (1989-1992)： ?Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, the 1980s did not entirely erase the economic malaise that had gripped the country during the 1970s. The United States posted trade deficits in 1970s and 1980s. Rapidly growing economies in Asia appeared to be challenging America as economic powerhouses; Japan, in particular, with its emphasis on long-term planning and close coordination among corporations, banks , and government, seemed to offer an alternative model for economic growth. 13. Economic Recovery in the 1980s George Bush (1989-1992) economic malaise 经济不安，经济危机 grip 抓紧，得流感 economic powerhouse 经济强国， Bill Clinton (1993-2000): ? Clinton declared that the era of big government was over. ? He pushed to strengthen market forces in some sectors, working with Congress to open local telephone service to competition. 14. The 1990s and Beyond