文学伦理学批评_论文学的基本功能与核心价值_聂珍钊.pdfVIP

文学伦理学批评：论文学的基本功能与核心价值 聂珍钊 内容摘要：目前通行的观点认为文学的基本功能是审美功能，文学的基本价值是审美价值， 甚至有个别人把强调文学的伦理价值看成是用伦理道德绑架文学，提出要解除套在文学经 典身上的伦理道德枷锁。因此，有关文学的功能与价值的问题确有深入讨论的必要。文学 的功能指的是文学本身所具有的内在功能，它同文学的关系是所有关系。审美是一种主观 心理活动。审美的存在必须有两个前提：审美主体与审美客体。文学的审美是文学的一种 外部作用机制，这就从所有关系上和作用机制上决定了审美不可能成为文学的功能。既然 审美不是文学的功能，文学的基本价值是审美价值这种观点就缺少了前提。 关键词：文学伦理学批评；文学功能；审美功能；审美价值；伦理价值 作者简介：聂珍钊，华中师范大学文学院教授。本文系国家社科基金重点项目“文学伦理 学与文本研究”【项目批号：13AWW001】和重大项目“文学伦理学批评：理论建构与批 评实践研究”【项目批号：13ZD128】的阶段成果。 Title: Ethical Literary Criticism: On Fundamental Function and Core Value of Literature Abstract: It is argued by some scholars that the basic function of literature is to provide aesthetic pleasure, and accordingly, the core value of literature is its aesthetic value. For those who hold this view, the emphasis on the ethical value of literature is to misread the nature of literary texts and to bind literature in fetters of ethics and morality which, therefore, should be removed. In response to this argument, it is of high necessity to discuss in depth the issues related to the function and value of literature. While the function of literature refers to the function inherent in literary texts—it is possessed within any literary texts, aesthetic pleasure or enjoyment is the emotional element in our response to literary works (and works of art and natural beauty). The fulfillment of aesthetic pleasure requires the existence of aesthetic object and of aesthetic subject—which is an external element in the mechanism of literature’s function. It is the relationship of possession between literature and its function and the mechanism of literature function that define the invalidity of the view that aesthetic pleasure is the function of literature. As such, the view that the core value of literature is its aesthetic value cannot be established as it is based on the wrong promise. Key words: Ethical Literary Criticism; function of literature; aesthetic pleasure; aesthetic value; ethical value Author: Nie Zhen