姜帆-苏州麦奇-防核辐射砂浆的实验研究.doc

防辐射砂浆的实验研究 摘要 通过采用普通硅酸盐水泥、重晶石骨料、褐铁矿骨料、具有防辐射性能的掺合料和特殊外加剂以及其他常规材料成功研制出了表观密度达2.8t/m3结晶水含量达%的防辐射砂浆。文章主要介绍了这种砂浆的原材料、技术途径、配合比设计以及该砂浆的物理力学性能、防水性能和防辐射性能，了几种外加剂对该种砂浆性能的影响，并采用了-DSC、XRD、MIP测试方法对其进行了表征。结果显示：该砂浆和易性良好，施工性能，养护28天的抗压强度达50MPa粘结强度大于.2 Mpa，抗渗性大于1.2 Mpa，对具有良好的屏蔽效果。 关键字 屏蔽 重晶石 褐铁矿 砂浆 Experimental Study on the Properties of Anti-Radiation Mortars JIANG Fan[1] Liu Kai[2] Zhang Chao[3] LI Dongxu[4] Yu Yunwei[5] (State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009) *(Suzhou much new materials Co., Ltd,Suzhou 215151) Abstract Radiation protection mortars with apparent density of 2.8 t/m3, chemical bonding water content up to 9.46 % were developed by ordinary portland cement, barite aggregate, perlimonite aggregate, admixtures with radiation shield properties, special admixtures and other conventional materials. The raw materials, technical approachs, mix designs, physical properties , water resistance and anti-radiation properties were introduced. The influences of the additives on performances of the mortars were researched, and the mortars were characterized by DSC-TG, XRD and MIP. The results show, the mortars have excellent workability and construction property, compressive strengths with 28 days are exceeding 50 Mpa, adhesion strengths aremore than 0.8 Mpa and the impermeability is over 1.2 Mpa. The prepared mortars could stress good shielding effect on uclear radiation. Key words anti-radiation barite limonite mortar 0 前言 防辐射砂浆能有效的屏蔽核辐射，在核技术相关的核电、军事、教育、科研和医疗等众多领域得到广泛应用。原子核辐射有α、β、γ和中子辐射等几种，但由于α、β射线穿透力较低，易被吸收，因此，原子反应堆和加速器的防护问题主要归结为对γ射线和中子流的防护[1]。而γ射线穿透能力强，通常通过高密度建筑材料时，其能量逐渐被减弱，达到一定密度和厚度时，可完全被吸收。中子射线是由不带电核的微粒组成，具有高度的穿透能力，只有轻元素如氢、硼原子才可吸收[2]。 应用于防辐射砂浆的原料应选取减弱快、产生次级辐射影响小的材料，具有良好的结构力学性能和机械加工性能，并且在相应的辐射和温度环境下有良好的稳定性。因此，选择的骨料不但须满足一定的密度要求[3]，还须同时考虑特殊技术指标的要求，如结晶水含量、含硼量等，常用的骨料有重晶石[4]、赤铁矿、磁铁矿、褐铁矿和蛇纹石[5]等，它们的性能和技术要求见表1；水泥则采用普通硅酸盐水泥，因为普通硅酸盐水泥最易获取，并含有一定量的结合水又便于施工。如果防