消化和吸收 2013.4.28.pptVIP

消化和吸收生理 第一节 概述;三大营养物质： 糖----葡萄糖 蛋白质----氨基酸 脂肪----脂肪酸、甘油机械（物理）性消化：大块食物---小块食物、食糜。消化道的机械运动作用。化学性消化：大分子---可吸收小分子。消化腺的分泌消化酶作用。;消化过程总图;1. Movement of food through the alimentary tract 2. Secretion of digestive juices and digestion of the food 3. Absorption of water, various electrolytes, and digestive products 4. Circulation of blood through the gastrointestinal organs to carry away the absorbed substances 5. Control of all these functions by local, nervous, and hormonal systems;消化道解剖结构; The individual smooth muscle fibers are 200-500 um long and 2-10 um wide