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海洋无缝垂直基准
Using GPS and Leveling Data
to Fulfill the Consistency and
Transformation of Height
Systems in Saint John River
海洋无缝垂直基准的
建立方法研究
Research topics
Height systems/vertical datum (垂直基准)
(垂直基准)
Transformation from ellipsoid height to
orthometric height (大地高到正常高的转化)
(大地高到正常高的转化)
Transformation from orthometric height to
chart height (正常高到海图高的转换)
(正常高到海图高的转换)
Experiments and analysis (实践及分析)
(实践及分析)
Conclusions and advices (结论及建议)
(结论及建议)
Vertical Datum/Height Systems
Definition of ellipsoid (椭球面定义)
Definition of geoid (大地水准面定义)
Definition of chart datum (海图基准定义)
Relationships among them (基准间关系)
Why do we need an ellipsoid?
This image depicts the
earth’s shape without water
and clouds. It looks like a
sloppily peeled potato, not a
smoothly shaped ellipsoid.
Calculation of geographic
position on this irregular
surface is very complex. A
simpler model is needed.
This simplified mathematical surface is an
ellipsoid.
ellipsoid.
Ellipsoid
Rotate Ellipse in 3
b
Dimensions:
a
Semi-major Axis: a = 6371837 m
Semi-minor Axis: b = 6356752.3142
Flattening Ratio: f=(a-b)/a = 1/298
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