机化合物中英文命名-2.pptVIP

11.酮ketones 4-(4-oxohexyl)-1-benzoic acid 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one 5-isobutyl-3-cycloheptenone * 12. 羧酸Carboxylic acids Systematic name: Replace the final letter “e” in the name of the hydrocarbon with “-(o)ic acid” or “carboxylic acid”. 系统命名法：去掉烷烃名字的最后一个字母”e”，加上后缀 “-(o)ic acid” 或者 “carboxylic acid”. * 12.羧酸Carboxylic acids 3-butynoic acid 2-isohexenoic acid butanoic acid butyric acid * 12.羧酸Carboxylic acids 2-chlorocyclopentane-1- carboxylic acid (Z)-4,4-dichloro-2-pentenoic acid 2-ethyl-4-(carboxymethyl) hexanedioic acid * 12.羧酸Carboxylic acids Some trivial names for acids with low molecular weight: formic acid acetic acid propionic acid butyric acid valeric acid maleic acid (马来酸, 顺丁烯二酸) fumaric acid (富马酸, 反丁烯二酸) * 13. 酰胺 Amides Systematic name：Omit the final letter “e” in the name of alkane, and then add the suffix “amide” or carboxyamide to the end of the name. 系统命名法：去掉烷烃名字的最后一个字母”e”，加上后缀 “amide” 或者 “carboxyamide”. * 13.酰胺 Amides ? Trivial names for amides containing C1~C5 carbon atoms: formamide acetamide propionamide butyramide valeramide * 13.酰胺 Amides N,N-dimethylformamide * butanamide N-ethyl-4-methyl- 2,5-hexadienamide cyclopropanecarboxyamide 13.酰胺 Amides * 13.酰胺 Amides N,N-dimethylbenamide p-acetamidobenzoic acid * 14. 酯Ester Systematic name：Omit the final letter “e” in the name of alkane, and then add the suffix “(o)ate” or “carboxylate” to the end of the name. 系统命名法：去掉烷烃名字的最后一个字母”e”，加上后缀 “(o)ate” 或者 “carboxyate”. * 14.酯Ester ethyl butanoate isopropyl benzoate * ethyl cyclopentanecarboxylate cyclopentyl 4-methylpentanoate (2-methylbutyl) -3-methyl cyclohexanecarboxylate 14.酯Ester * 15.羧酸盐The salts of acids /Carboxylate salts Systematic name：The name of cation + alkane + “-(o)ate” or “carboxylate”. potassium isohexanoate lithium cyclopentanecarboxylate sodium acetate * 15.羧酸盐The salts of acids /Carboxylate salts * 16. 酸酐Carboxylic anhydrides Systematic name：The