如何做好“单项选择”题.docVIP

如何做好“单项选择”题“单项选择”题有两个特点:一是知识覆盖面广,重难点突出;二是注重考查考生的基础知识和基本技能#65377;有些学生往往由于基础知识学得不扎实,结果得分率很低#65377;为了帮助同学们做好这类题目,笔者以2005年部分地区的中考试题为例,归纳出以下几种常用的解题方法#65377;希望这些方法能对同学们在做此类题目时有所帮助#65377; [方法一] 直接判定法#65377;根据自己掌握的一些基础知识和题干中所给的相关信息,直接从所给的候选项中选出正确答案#65377; [考题再现] ① ―Paul, do you know the man standing at the door? ―Yes, he is one of__________friends. A. I B. me C. my D. mine(吉林省) ② We find__________impossible to get there before 8 oclock. A. her B. it C. this D. that(甘肃省) ③ My cousin is very busy with his work, he has__________time to read newspapers. A. a little B. a few C. little D. few(北京市) [答案与简析] ① C#65377;根据人称代词的基本用法,只有形容词性物主代词 my 能作名词 friends 的前置定语#65377;② B#65377;分析句子结构后可知,空白处应填形式宾语,因为真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式短语#65377;四个选项中只有 it 能作形式宾语#65377;③ C#65377;根据 few, a few, little 和 a little 的基本用法和句子所含的否定意义,能修饰不可数名词 time 的只能是 little#65377; [方法二] 分析比较法#65377;根据自己所掌握的各种语法知识及所给语境进行分析比较,最后选定正确答案#65377;这种方法适用于考查动词时态#65380;动词非谓语形式或同义词辨异之类的题目#65377; [考题再现] ① After school we usually play__________basketball for half an hour on__________playground. A. the; the B. ×; × C. ×; the D. the; ×(河北省) ② ―We have worked for a long time, so we__________a rest. ―Sound good! A. stopped to have B. stopped having C. stop having D. stop to have(安徽省) ③ Theyll go fishing if it__________next Sunday. A. won’t rain B. isn’t going to rain C. don’t rain D. doesn’t rain(宁波市) ④ We are often told at people in trouble. A. not to smile B. to smile C. not to laugh D. to laugh(天津市) [答案与简析] ① C#65377;说“打篮球”#65380;“打排球”和“踢足球”时, play 后面的 basketball, volleyball 和 football 前面没有冠词#65377;与主语 we 相关的 playground 在意义上属特指,所以其前应加定冠词 the#65377;② D#65377;根据具体的语境和 stop to do sth 与 stop doing sth 的基本含义,先排除B#65380;C两项#65377;再从第一句的前句中用的是现在完成时,可确定答案为D#65377;③ D#65377;依照基本语法规则,主句中的谓语动词用了一般将来时, if 引导的条件状语从句中的谓语动词就应该用一般现在时表示将来时间#65377;④ C#65377;根据句意,先排除B#65380;D两项#65377;另外,”取笑某人”应用“laugh at”表示, to laugh 的否定式为 not to laugh#65377; [方法三] 前后照应法#65377;就是要求考生在答题前首先要弄清题干的真正意思,然