用法有别意不同.docVIP

用法有别意不同英语中有的词随着意义的变化，其形式和用法也会随之而变。尤其值得注意的有：suggest, insist和与之有关的同根名词:lie, hang。某些动词的意义不同其后是接不定式还是动名词就会有所区别，其后接不定式或动名词之别又引起意义上的差异。 I. suggest和insist A. suggest, suggestion做 “建议”解，insist, insistence做“坚决主张、坚决要求”解时，that引起的宾语从句、主语从句和同位词从句的谓语动词皆用虚拟语气，即：谓语动词用should+动词原形，should也可以省略。如： （1）The manager suggested that we (should) make an immediate decision.=The manager suggested our (us) making an immediate decision.=The managers suggestion is that we (should) make an immediate decision. = That we (should) make an immediate decision is the manager’s suggestion. =That we (should) make an immediate decision is suggested by the manager.经理建议我们马上做出决定。 （2）The doctor insisted that he (should) stay in bed for another five days.=The doctor insisted on his staying in bed for five more days.= The doctors insistence is that he (should) stay in bed for five more days.=That he (should) stay in bed for another five days is the doctor’s insistence.= That he (should) stay in bed for five more days is insisted by the doctor .大夫坚决主张他在床上再待5天。 B. suggest，suggestion做“表明、说明”解，insist，insistance做“坚持说、坚决认为”解时，that所引起的宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句的谓语动词用陈述语气。如： (1)The officers silence at the meeting suggested that he didn’t agree to the plan.＝That he didnt agree to the plan was suggested by the officer’s silence at the meeting.会上那位当官的沉默不语表明他不同意这个计划。 (2)The boy insisted that he had done nothing wrong.＝The boys instistance was that he had done nothing wrong.=That he had done nothing wrong was insisted by the boy.那男孩坚持说他没干什么坏事。 II. lie和hang A. 1.lie(p. t. lay; p. p. lain) 1.躺；卧 （1）（指物）平放在某物之上；在某处。 （2）保持在某种状态或位置。 （3）展现；展开。 （4）（船只）停泊。 （5）（指抽象物）存在；在某种情况。如： （1）The old man has lain sick in bed for years. 那老者病卧于床好些年了。 （2）How long has your bicycle lain like this in rain. 你的自行车这样搁在雨中多久了？ （3）The prisoners have lain in prison for nearly twenty or thirty years. 那些个囚犯监禁将近二三十年了。 （4）The valley lay before us after an hour’s quick walk. 一个小时的急行之后，山谷就展现在我们面前了。 （5）Never worry. Hell