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About NEP photon noise iram.fr(对棉结光子噪声iram.fr)
Discussion about Noise Equivalent Power and its use for photon
noise calculation.
Samuel Leclercq. 2007-03-02.
Abstract.
The Noise Equivalent Power (NEP) is a concept often used to quantify the
sensitivity of a detector or the power generated by a source of noise on a detector. But
the literature offers different definitions and different ways to calculate it. I recall here
these definitions and the results of calculations from several authors, for the particular
case of photon noise from background source illuminating a detector. In the second
part of the document, starting from bases of mathematical description of random
processes, I show the link between the different definitions of the NEP. In the third
part, starting from the fundamental properties of boson I calculate the most general
expression for the photon NEP, allowing to link the various expressions found in the
literature, and understand the assumptions made for each case.
Introduction.
Definitions of NEP.
Contrary of what could be thought regarding the wide use of the Noise Equivalent
Power in literature to characterize the measurements limits of detectors, it is not easy
to find a clear mathematical definition of the NEP in the literature!
The first definition given here comes from the Federal Standard 1037C (telecom
glossary 2000) of the United State Government. “Noise-equivalent power (NEP) is the
radiant power that produces a signal-to-noise ratio of unity at the output of a given
optical detector at a given data-signaling rate or modulation frequency, operating
wavelength, and effective noise bandwidth. Some manufacturers and authors define
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