M2U1现在完成时和完成进行时.docVIP

M2U1 Tales of the unexplained Grammar Present perfect tense and present perfect continuous tense 教学重难点：the usage differences between present perfect tense and present perfect continuous tense 教学目标：teach the Ss to use the two correctly。 方法设计： 一，现在完成时（A）??1．现在完成时的构成??现在完成时的构成形式是“have / has +过去分词”。现在完成时常被称为“与现在有联系的过去”，因此它不能与明确的过去时间状语连用。????I havent seen much of her lately.??我最近不常见到她。??2．现在完成时的用法???①表示结果的现在完成时?在完成时着眼于过去的动作对现在产生的结果或影响?? I have bought a pen.??我买了一支笔。（结果：I have a pen now.）?????②强调过去某一时刻到说话时这段时间中的经历。???I have visited Beijing at least ten times.??北京我至少访问过十次了。???③表示一个动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在，可能要继续下去。???I have lived here for more than thirty years.??我已在这儿住了三十多年了。（也许还会继续住下去）??注意：（B）??现在完成时的“未完成”用法既可用于动态动词（主要是持续动词），也可用于状态动词，但它一般不适用于表示短暂动作或位置转移的动词，如：open, break, go, come, arrive, leave等。如用这类动词表示“未完成”，通常只限于否定结构。??I havent seen a film for weeks.??我已经好几个星期没看电影了。????3．现在完成时的时间状语??①??a. 不确定的过去时间状语：already, yet, before, recently, lately等??????b. 频度时间状语：often, sometimes, ever, never, once, rarely 等?????c. 包含现在时间在内的时间状语：now, just, today, this morning, this week, this year等??????比较：already和yet用法上的区别（B）??already常用于肯定句，置于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句，置于句末。但already有时也可用在疑问句中暗示惊讶的心情。????②表示具体的过去的时间状语不能与“未完成”用法连用。与其连用的往往是指一段时间的状语以具体表示某一动作或状态持续了多久。??a. since + 具体时间，表示动作或状态从何时开始 ???b. for + 一段时间，表示动作或状态持续了多久???c. until now, up till now, so far, up to the moment? 一，用动词的适当形式填空(分层次练习B) 1 ‘_____ you _____ my pen?’ ‘Yes, I____ it on your desk just now.’ (see) 2 ‘_____ you ____ dinner?’ ‘Yes, I ____ it with Mary.’ (have) 3 _____the postman_____ yet this morning? ____ the postman_____ this morning. (come) 二，选择最佳答案(分层次练习C ) 1. ___ that dress when I first saw you at the station? A. Were you wearing B. Have you worn C. Did you wear D. Do you wear 2. ―Kate doesn’t look very well. What’s wrong with her? ―She has a headache because she ___ too long, she ought to stop work. A. has been reading B.