我第一组Chapter 13 Language and Gender.pptVIP

Language and Gender Language and Gender Introduction Gender Differences in language Some Possible Explanations Introduction ⅰ.Introduction A major topic in sociolinguistics is the connection between the structures, vocabularies, and ways of using particular languages and the social roles of the men and women who speak these languages. ⅰ.Introduction In this chapter, Ronald Wardhaugh will attempt to see what some of the underlying facts are and to avoid the kinds of rhetoric and dialectic that characterize much of the discussion of “sexism in language”, a topic which often seems to invite ‘large’ arguments based on ‘small’ data. ⅰ.Introduction: Sex vs Gender Sex is biologically determined whereas gender is a social construct involving the whole gamut of psychological, social, and cultural differences between males and females. In this view, gender roles rather than sex roles should be our concern in discussions. ⅰ.Introduction: purposes Our purpose will be to evaluate that evidence: 1)just how good is the example in this chapter? 2)However, the main purpose is to try to discover, when indeed there is good evidence, what it is good evidence of. 3)That of languages can be sexist? 4)That those whose use of languages are sexist? 5)That language-learning is almost inevitably tied to gender-learning? 6)That change is not desirable but possible? Gender Differences in language ⅱ. Gender Differences in language Numerous observers have described women’s speech as being different from that of men. There is a bias here: men’s speech usually provides the norm against which women’s speech is judged. ⅱ. The most famous example In the linguistic literature perhaps the most famous example of differentiation between the sexes is found in the Lesser Antilles of West Indies among the Carib Indians. Male and female Caribs speak different languages. And the boys learn Carib from their fathers and girls learn Arawak from their mothers. What differences there are actually do not