基于博弈模式之工程PPP合作策略研究.docVIP

　　基于博弈模式之工程PPP合作策略研究 --CHAPTER 1Introduction 1.1Background 在这个时代，私营部门已发挥了积极的作用，通过参与提供公共服务，加强基础设施建设，尤其是在发展中国家。为了鼓励私营部门参与的项目，已作出努力，由政府从以前国有工业进行彻底的私有化服务外判给私营公司在提供社会基础设施和使用私人资金。出现这种情况需要公共部门的基础设施投资和降低成本使用效率，获得了从基建项目的商业惯例。因此，在发达经济体和发展中经济体的一些融资模式的应用，如PPP，这意味着公共部门和私营部门合作，该项目的建设和运营，已成为越来越受欢迎。萨加林（2007）争辩说，现有的公共与私营部门的项目有三个世代。In this era，the private sector has been playing an active role through involvement indelivering public services to enhance infrastructure development, especially in thedeveloping countries. In order to encourage private sector to participate in the project,efforts have been made by the government ranging from performing an outrightprivatization of previously state-os and using private finance in the provision of social infrastructure.This situation arises from the need to reduce the cost of public sector ininfrastructure investment and make use of efficiency gained from mercialpractices in infrastructure project. As a result, the application of some financingpatterns such as PPP，eans the public and the private sector cooperate in thebuilding and operation of the project，have bee increasingly popular in developedand developing economies.Sagalyn (2007) contended that existing Public-Private projects have three generations.在第一代，容易出现失误，由于缺乏经验，由公共和私营合作伙伴和他们的顾问。在第二代中，大型开发公司开发了专门的PPP城市发展项目，往往采用公共实体或LED PPP公司管理PPP项目的规划者们。作为社会发展的结果，第三代已经出现，这是开发商寻求私营部门参与发起PPP项目。PPP项目的数量正在扩大，它是在第三代预计，他们将被更广泛地用于公共服务，城市重建，等等。根据一般的定义，公共和私营部门的伙伴关系是不同行为者之间的动态关系，根据双方商定的目标，通过最合理分工的基础上有相应的比较中优势每个合作伙伴的共同理解，追求。公共和私营部门的伙伴关系，包括相互影响，审慎的平衡之间的协同作用和各自的自主权，其中包括相互尊重，平等参与决策，相互问责和透明度。 In the first generation, mistakes easily emerged due to lack of experienceby public and private partners and their consultants. In the second generation, largedevelopment panies developed specialized PPP urban development projects，oftenby employing planners anaged PPP projects for public entities or led PPPcorporations. As a result of social development, the third generation has emerged,ent.The number of PPP projects is ex