中国文化通览资料.docVIP

Translation of Useful Expressions Chinese expressions English Translation 黄河流域 Yellow River Valley 文化融合，政治统一 Cultural fusion and political unity 游牧部落 nomadic tribesmen 疆域 Territory; realm; frontier The small-scale peasant economy 封建主经济 Suzerain/ landlord / owner-peasant economy 自然经济形态 The natural economic pattern 农、林、牧、副、渔 Agriculture, forestation, herding, fishing and third industry cooperation 中原 The Central plains 重农轻商 Encourage farming, limit commerce 24节气 The 24 Solar Terms 战国时期 The Warring States period 男耕女织 The man cultivating the land and the woman weaving at home 自给自足的自然经济 Self-sufficient natural economy 一盘散沙 A sheet of loose sand 草根阶层 The grass-roots level 人头税 The poll tax 水能载舟，亦能覆舟 The water that carries the boat can also overturn it. 多元一体 Integrated pluralism 吐故纳新 Discard the old and embrace the new 炎黄子孙 the descendants of Yandi and Huangdi 礼仪之邦 The land of ceremony and propriety 大一统观念 The conception of great national unity 甲骨文 The inscriptions on tortoise shells or animal bones 铭文 The inscriptions on bronze or copper wares 象形、指事、会意、形声（examples） Pictographs, self-explanatory, associative compounds, pictophonetic method 四书五经 The Four Books and The Five Classics 书同文、行同伦 The standardized written language and behaviors 儒、道、佛、法家 Confucianism, Classical Taoist thinking, Buddhism, the Legalist School 焚书坑儒 Burn books and bury Confucian scholars alive 无为而治 To govern by doing nothing 独尊儒术、罢黜百家 Pay supreme tribute to Confucianism while banning all other schools of thoughts 四大发明 Four Great Inventions of Ancient China: the invention of paper making technology the art of printing the making of the gunpowder the compass 守内虚外 Internal defense and external slackening 重文轻武 Lay stress on the cultural achievement while make light of the military exploits 清明上河图 The scroll of painting: the festival of Pure Brightness on the River Chinese expressions English Translation 求和谐，主平衡 Seek for Harmony and Maintaining Equilibrium 消灾祈福 Avert cala